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    1963-2012年南昌市气温和降水变化分析

    Variations of temperature and precipitation from 1963 to 2012 in Nanchang city

    • 摘要: 利用1963-2012年南昌站、安义站逐日温度和降水资料,2012-2016年南昌市22个加密气象站资料,结合城市发展有关数据,分析了1963-2012年城市化对南昌城区局地气候的影响。结果表明:南昌城区50 a平均气温增温幅度约为1.07℃,增温率约为0.21℃/10 a;南昌郊区的增温幅度约为0.54℃,增温率约为0.11℃/10 a,城区上升幅度比郊区明显。南昌城市热岛强度从20世纪60年代开始,一直呈上升趋势,热岛强度为1.0℃,上升幅度为0.11℃/10 a。南昌城区出现多个气温高值中心,热岛呈现出多中心分布特征。全球气候变暖和城市发展对南昌城区最低气温影响显著。50 a间,南昌城区年平均最低气温比郊区年平均最低气温高1.83℃。南昌市城区和郊区年总降水量均呈上升趋势,城区和郊区的年总降水量分别上升了28.67 mm/10 a和6.99 mm/10 a。南昌上半年城区月平均降水量均高于郊区,存在一定程度的"雨岛"效应。南昌市四季降水中心及空间分布特征各不相同。

       

      Abstract: The influence of urbanization on the local climate of Nanchang city during the past 50 years was analyzed in conjunction with the urban development data.The results show that the increasing amplitude of the aver-age temperature in the urban area Nanchang city during the past 50 years is about 1.07℃.The increasing rate in temperature is about 0.21℃ per decade.In the suburban area,the increasing amplitude and increasing rate of aver-age temperature is about 0.54℃ and 0.11℃ per decade,respectively.From the 1960s,the heat island intensity in Nanchang city has been showing an upward trend.The heat island intensity is 1.0℃,and the increasing rate is 0.11℃ per decade.There are some high temperature centers in Nanchang city.It represents a multi-center distribution of the heat island phenomenon.The global warming and urban development play a significant impact on the minimum temperature in Nanchang city.In the past 50 years,the average minimum temperature in urban areas is 1.83℃ higher than that in the suburbs.The annual amount of rainfall in both urban and suburban areas shows an upward trend,with an increasing rate of 28.67 mm and 6.99 mm per decade,respectively.The monthly average a-mount of precipitation in the urban area is higher than that in the suburbs in the first half of the year.There is a"rain island"effect extend to a certain extent in this city.The rainfall-center and spatial distribution in different sea-sons are different.

       

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